Science and Technology By William Zinser

Science and Technology

By William Zinser

    William Zinser points out that writers are commonly afraid of writing about science and that scientists are afraid of writing. Zinser quickly establishes that these two things are unnecessary fears that are lugged around in life. He emphasizes that,

"Writing is not a special language owned by the English teacher... Science, demystified, is just another nonfiction subject. Writing, demystified, is just another way for scientists to transmit what they know." 

    William states that scientific information can be read by anyone, the matter is on how the sentences are put together. This means that when you are writing about something scientific you have to start small and vague and then get deeper into the subject. Also Zinser explains that when writing about a scientific subject things have to be broken down and explained how they work. Doing this will cause you to know what you are writing about and it will make the reader understand as well. The principle of leading readers step by step to a grasp of subjects that they thought they would never get, which is the same principle used in writing any nonfiction piece.

"Describing how a process works is valuable for two reasons. It forces you to make sure you know how it works. Then it forces you to take the reader through the same sequence of ideas and deductions that made the process clear to you."

   

How does Charles Darwin's Theory of Natural Selection validate evolution?

Mission Statement

I want my readers to be able to understand Charles Darwin and the theory of natural selection, how it led to the understanding of evolution.

• I want to show the steps that Charles Darwin took to start his research. 
• I want to show Charles Darwin's findings and how they led up to the theory of natural selection.
• I want to show how natural selection reinforced and led scientists to prove evolution.
• I want to inform on how Charles found the animals he used in his research and how he studied them.

For the Format:

• I want to write and informational paper.
• I want to cover all the views and perspectives in the research.
• I want to introduce the topic of evolution, delve into the surroundings of Charles Darwin and why he chose his study, then go into the actual research and explain what he was trying to find out. Lastly, I want to inform how his findings supported evolution and how it affected the rest of the world.

How does scientific achievement affect culture?

The Boston Paragraphs Summaries

Paragraph 1
Summary: This is where we hear what the photographer was thinking and his actions on taking the photos.
Role: To set the setting and the tone of The Boston Paragraphs.

Paragraph 2
Summary: Describes the scene from beginning to end, how the woman and child were in the process of being saved but took a fall has the fire escape collapsed.
Role: Introduction to the horrific scenes.

Paragraph 3
Summary: The pictures were taken by Stanley Forman, and then circulated over 400 newspapers in the United States.
Role: To show the widespread of the horrific pictures and show the irony of how the scene was depicted.

Paragraph 4
Summary:Although the scene was a scene of horror, it was still a perfect example of photo journalism at its most spectacular.
Role:An opinion that even though despite the horrible incident it can still be considered something good for photo journalism.

Paragraph 5
Summary: Various newspapers anticipate the response of angry readers towards the pictures, but some supported the fact that the pictures were published.
Role:Another opinion in which that some people had fought about the pictures being in newspapers but that it actually raised awareness about living conditions in similar areas.

Paragraph 6
Summary: The Washington post received 70 calls in protest of the pictures and Seib an ombudsman for the Washington Post wrote in a column that that was the biggest response he has seen to a publication in the whole time working there.
Role:This paragraph gives the audiences perspective of the event being published, they were appalled.

Paragraph 7
Summary:Although the editors of the post had the complete opposite reactions to the pictures they knew they represented something greater than just the event that took place.
Role: This gives the other perspective, the perspective of the editor and how they used the photos to raise the awareness.

Paragraph 8
Summary:Here Seib evaluates the morality of the pictures, agreeing on both sides that if he was the editor he would've ran the pictures but as a reader Seib was appalled.
Role:Combining both perspectives into one in the eyes of Seib, shows the reader that there is certain conflicts depending on the position one is in.

Paragraph 9
Summary: Seib concludes his point, emphasizing that an editor must have had asked himself before publishing the photos and if not he'd need to reevaluate his purpose in the eyes of the reader.
Role: This paragraph concludes the previous views showing that the editor has to have his audience in mind when publishing.

Paragraph 10
Summary:If the outcome of the scene pictured in The Boston Paragraphs was different, such as the woman living or the baby dying instead, the reactions of the masses would have changed even though the pictures stayed the same.
Role:This adds to the theme that a picture has a thousand words and once you know what it means it will instill a reaction on the audience.

Paragraph 11
Summary: Although many valid points were raised about the mass' reaction, a prominent factor surfaces that death is always censored because of these reactions.
Role:This shows the reader that there is a bigger element at play, the censorship of death which shifts the tone.

Paragraph 12
Summary:Seib disagrees on the fact that the newspaper does not print the photos of death, death is one of life's main events and why not show them.
Role:A proposition on why death should not be censored from making an appearance in photos on the news.

Paragraph 13
Summary:The writer concludes that the pictures are not there to teach the readers a lesson but because they are breathtaking pictures of an actual event.
Role:This conclusion ties in all the previous paragraphs into one, explaining the true how's and why's of the photos making an appearance on the post.

Shitty First Drafts Revised

                                                    Shitty First Drafts                                                                                                                           By Anne Lamott 

    Anne Lamott expresses her emotions about her own writing process, the fear, the pressure and being at a loss of thought. Anne quickly dismisses the stereotypical thought, that writers wake up feeling great and confident about their work. As well as the cliche of writers rolling up their sleeves and getting the cricks out of their necks before starting.  

... and think that they sit down at their desks every morning feeling like a million dollars, feeling great about who they are and about how much talent they have and what a great story they have to tell; that they take in a few deep breaths, push back their sleeves, roll their necks a few times to get all the cricks out, and dive in, typing fully formed passages as fast as a court reporter. But this is just the fantasy of the uninitiated. (21) 

      Anne expresses that writing a "shitty first draft" is essential to any writer, but the fear of her first draft being read, to the words of a critic in her ear are present. "... and the critics would be sitting on my shoulders, commenting like cartoon characters"(24). She believes that when you write your first draft you let everything in your mind flow, without any restrictions. You may have written something incredible in that first draft that you would have never gotten without it. "Just get it all down on paper, because there may be something great in those crazy six pages that you would never have gotten to by more rational, grown-up means"(23).Writing a shitty first draft gives a basis, a point where to actually start your paper. At one point Anne had visited a hypnotist and told him about the voices in her head although the hypnotist's reaction was not the one she expected. He had told her to isolate the voices imagining they're mouses and trapping them all in a lid, then just watch how they're frantically trying to get at her and then just put the lid down and get back to her shitty first drafts

       I agree with Anne, that making a not so spectacular draft will lead to greater things. I have first hand experience that writing multiple drafts will strengthen the writing and keep the blood flowing. There's always something you can improve in your writing. When you write something and say to yourself, "Wow this is bad" take your time writing down multiple drafts and see what you can do to create something great. Just relax, and write.  

 

Quote Free-write

                                                        Quote Free-write

"Show me a thoroughly satisfied man and I will show you a failure."

                                                                                  - Thomas Edison

      What Thomas Edison means by this quote is that ones work is never truly finished. If someone is thoroughly satisfied with their work it means they have given up on improving it. Nothing in this world is perfect and there's always a way you can add on to it and make it better. Sometimes cutting down on the thickness of your work is essential as can always be more at times. Thomas Edison knew in himself that his work will never be done. As with telephones and the means of expanding electricity throughout the United States. At times failure means another opportunity to improve. You can always learn from your mistakes and Thomas Edison as an inventor knew that. One should never be 100 percent satisfied with their work because their work is never done, always in need of improvement.

       This quote can also mean that you should never be thoroughly satisfied with your self. You can do much more as long as you put time into it. Constant improvement will make you stand out!

Communications

 How to tell your

• Sibling
• Grandmother
• Assistant 

To

1. Take and thaw the chicken out
2. Feed the dog
3. Remind them of Dr. Wong's appointment.

Through a note,

  Hey, remember mom told you to take out the chicken. You also gotta feed the puppy and remember you got an appointment with wong at 4 bro

                                                                                           To Sibling.

Call,

 "Hi grandma, remember to take out the chicken for tonight and i'll be home late tonight so you please feed the dog? You also have an appointment with Dr. Wong at 4 PM."

                                                                                                    To Grandmother.

Email,

 Hey Rachel,

 Remember to thaw the chicken out for tonights event! Also could you please feed the office dog he missed lunch. A voicemail was left at your desk before I left to let you know about an appointment with Dr. Wong at 4PM.

                                                                                           -See you soon, Boss

                                                                                                   To Assistant.